The Argument Natural bodies act for ends Whatever lacks intelligence cannot move towards an end, unless it is directed by some being endowed with knowledge and intelligence Therefore, some intelligent being exists by whom all natural things are directed towards … Continue reading The Fifth Way: Aquinas’ Argument from Design
*As with the third way, the fourth way is incredibly and notoriously difficult to understand, and there is significant disagreement amongst Thomists about how best to interpret it. The following is what I perceive to be one of the best … Continue reading The Fourth Way: Aquinas’ Argument from Gradation
*Note: Aquinas’s third way is probably the most difficult to understand of the five ways, and there is disagreement amongst Thomists about how exactly to interpret it. The following is my own understanding of what Saint Thomas is trying to … Continue reading The Third Way: Aquinas’ Argument from Contingency
In the second way, Saint Thomas Aquinas argues from the reality of efficient causality to the existence of a first cause, God. Continue reading The Second Way: Aquinas’s Argument from Efficient Causes
The Argument Whatever is in motion is moved by another Some things are in motion Therefore, some things are moved by other movers These movers are either themselves moved, or not moved If not moved, they are unmoved movers If … Continue reading The First Way: Aquinas’s Argument from Motion
